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Jutta Arctic - Oeneis jutta
Native Species
Global Rank:
G5
State Rank:
S5
Agency Status
USFWS:
USFS:
BLM:
External Links
General Description
[From Ferris and Brown 1981; Scott 1986; Opler and Wright 1999; Glassberg 2001] Forewing 2.7-3.0 cm. Uppersurface brown, forewing with orange submarginal band or rings surrounding 1-4 black eyespots; undersurface with variably contrasting dark median band.
Phenology
One flight; mostly mid-June to mid-July, late May to mid-June in Ontario, mid-June to early August in Newfoundland and Labrador; often odd years in Alaska, the Great Lakes region, Saskatchewan, northwestern Wyoming and even years in Colorado, Manitoba, Ontario to Newfoundland (Scott 1986). Late June to mid-August (Glassberg 2001).
Diagnostic Characteristics
Best determined by uppersurface brown, forewing with orange submarginal band or rings surrounding 1-4 black eyespots; hindwing uniformly dark.
Species Range
Montana Range
Range Descriptions
Native
Range Comments
In North America, from Alaska south to northeastern Utah and northern Colorado, east across boreal Canada to northern Great Lakes region to Labrador, Quebec, Newfoundland, and Maine (Ferris and Brown 1981; Scott 1986; Opler and Wright 1999; Glassberg 2001); to at least 3048 m in the Rocky Mountain states. Reported in Montana from at least 15 counties in the western third of the state (Kohler 1980; Stanford and Opler 1993). Locally uncommon (Glassberg 2001).
Migration
Non-migratory.
Habitat
Lodgepole pine forest in Rocky Mountains, wet tundra and spruce bogs across boreal regions in the north and east (Ferris and Brown 1981; Scott 1986; Opler and Wright 1999; Guppy and Shepard 2001). Reported in Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem in lodgepole pine forest and acid bogs (Debinski and Pritchard 2002).
Food Habits
Larval food plants include Carex (at least three species), Eriophorum, and Juncus (Ferris and Brown 1981; Scott 1986, 1992; Guppy and Shepard 2001). Adults sip flower nectar, including Arnica and Geranium (Scott 2014).
Reproductive Characteristics
Little information. Females lay eggs haphazardly near host plant. Larvae feed on host leaves, build no nests. Overwintering (hibernation) occurs by L1-L3 instars the first winter, L4-L6 the second winter, pupate on the ground or in moss (Scott 1986; Guppy and Shepard 2001). Males establish territories in small forest clearings or gentle swales, perch on logs, tree trunks, or low plants to await passing females, and occasionally patrol (Scott 1982, 1986; Guppy and Shepard 2001).
Stewardship Responsibility
References
- Literature Cited AboveLegend:
View Online Publication
Debinski, D.M. and J.A. Pritchard. 2002. A field guide to the butterflies of the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. Lanham, MD: Roberts Rinehart Publishers. 107 p.- Ferris, C.D. and F.M. Brown (eds). 1981. Butterflies of the Rocky Mountains. Univ. of Oklahoma Press. Norman. 442 pp.
- Glassberg, J. 2001. Butterflies through Binoculars: A Field Guide to the Butterflies of Western North America. Oxford University Press.
- Guppy, C.S. and J.H. Shepard. 2001. Butterflies of British Columbia: including western Alberta, southern Yukon, the Alaska Panhandle, Washington, northern Oregon, northern Idaho, northwestern Montana. UBC Press (Vancouver, BC) and Royal British Columbia Museum (Victoria, BC). 414 pp.
- Kohler, S. 1980. Checklist of Montana Butterflies (Rhopalocera). Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society 34(1): 1-19.
- Opler, P.A. and A.B. Wright. 1999. A field guide to western butterflies. Second edition. Peterson Field Guides. Houghton Mifflin Company, Boston, Massachusetts. 540 pp.
- Scott, J.A. 1982. Mate-locating behavior of western North American butterflies. II. New observations and morphological adaptations. Journal of Research on the Lepidoptera 21(3): 177-187.
- Scott, J.A. 1986. The butterflies of North America: a natural history and field guide. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California.
- Scott, J.A. 1992. Hostplant records for butterflies and skippers (mostly from Colorado) 1959-1992, with new life histories and notes on oviposition, immatures, and ecology. Papilio new series #6. 185 p.
- Scott, J.A. 2014. Lepidoptera of North America 13. Flower visitation by Colorado butterflies (40,615 records) with a review of the literature on pollination of Colorado plants and butterfly attraction (Lepidoptera: Hersperioidea and Papilionoidea). Contributions of the C.P. Gillette Museum of Arthopod Diversity. Fort Collins, CO: Colorado State University. 190 p.
- Stanford, R.E. and P.A. Opler. 1993. Atlas of western USA butterflies: including adjacent parts of Canada and Mexico. Unpubl. Report. Denver and Fort Collins, Colorado 275 pp.
- Additional ReferencesLegend: View Online Publication
Do you know of a citation we're missing?- Allen, T.J., J.P. Brock, and J. Glassberg. 2005. Caterpillars in the field and garden: a field guide to the butterfly caterpillars of North America. Oxford University Press.
- Brock, J.P. and K. Kaufman. 2003. Kaufman Field Guide to Butterflies of North America. Houghton Mifflin Company, New York, NY 284 pp.
- Caruthers, J.C., and D. Debinski. 2006. Montane meadow butterfly species distributions in the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem. University of Wyoming National Park Service Research Center Annual Report, 2006. Vol. 30, Art. 14. 85-96.
- Forister, M.L., E.M. Grames, C.A. Halsch, K.J. Burls, C.F. Carroll, K.L. Bell, J.P. Jahner, et al. 2023. Assessing risk for butterflies in the context of climate change, demographic uncertainty, and heterogeneous data sources. Ecological Monographs 93(3):e1584. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1584
- Layberry, R.A., P.W. Hall, and J.D. LaFontaine. 1998. The Butterflies of Canada. University of Toronto Press. 280 pp. + color plates.
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